Gen.Info - Art. 6: The Legislative Department Part 3

[Music] hi everyone welcome back to our channel this is the part 3 of article 6 the legislator branch in this video we will talk about the powers of the congress first is what we call the inherent powers these are the powers that the president and the congress need in order to get the job done right under this category we have the following first police power this is the right to protect the country and its population from threats to the public health and safety second power of taxation this is the ability of the government to impose and collect taxes third power of eminent domain this is the power of the government to take private property and convert it to public use next the power to make laws this power refers to the overall authority to enact laws for the people and the state let's take a closer look at this power the draft of the law is what we call bill every bill must embrace only one subject and it shall be expressed in the title any bill that violates this provision is null and void now how does the bill becomes a law step 1 bill filing only members of the congress can draft a bill the person who presents the bill is called author he or she may be joined by others who are known as co-authors step 2 first reading the title bill number and author's name are read on the floor after which it is referred to the proper committee step 3 committee hearings and reports committee conducts hearings and consultation meetings the committee members are experts in all sorts of different fields their tasks to review research and revise the bill they can also invite experts and resource speakers step 4 calendar for second reading the committee report with its approved bill version is submitted to the committee on rules for calendaring for secondary day step 5 second reading in the second reading sponsorship speeches debates and amendments take place step 6 voting on the second reading the members will vote on the second reading version of the bill if approved the bill is calendared for third reading step 7 voting on the third reading printed copies in its final form will be distributed to its members in this part the title of the bill is read no amendment is allowed the yeas and nays are entered in the journal if the bill is approved it is referred to the other chamber step 8 referral to the other chamber when the house or senate passes a bill it is referred to the other house where it follows the same procedure by conducting the three readings also if the house approved version is compatible with that of the senate version the final versions enroll form is printed step 9 bicameral conference if there are differences in the versions approved by the senate and the house a bicameral conference committee is organized to harmonize the bill if the bicameral conference committee agree on the same thing they will submit a report on the reconciled version of the bill duly approved by boat chambers step 10 submission to the malachanyang under the step there are three options approved vetted and labs into law let's talk about these options one by one first approved once it is approved by the president it becomes a republica and takes effect 15 days after publication in the official gazette or at least to national newspapers of general circulation second vetoed if the president vetoes the pill it will return to the originating house with an explanation on why it was vetoed the house can either accept the veto or override it with a two-third majority vote last laps into law a bill is said to have lapsed into law if the president fails to act on it within 30 days after receiving the bill on this part the bill becomes a law let's move on to another power the power of taxation this is exercised by the congress the constitution mandates the congress to have a progressive system of taxation the progressive tax system ensures that all taxpayers pay the same rates on the same levels of taxable income the overall effect is that people with higher income pay higher taxes now let's talk about tax exemption the following will be exempted from tax first charitable institutions second churches third mosques fourth non-profit cemeteries and last on lands buildings and improvements revenues donations grants contributions and assets of non-education institution directly and exclusively used for religious charitable or educational it is also important to take note that the congress cannot pass tax exemption without concurrence of majority of its members moving on to the power of the purse how does the power of the purse works to make it simpler this power works like your mom and your allowance you can't have your allowance unless your mom opens her purse she may also place limits on how you spend the congress does this also when they allocate money to certain agencies an appropriation law is necessary before public funds may be spent by the government for its projects now let's go back to your allowance if your mom doesn't like the way you spend your money she can withhold the money and tell you promise to spend it wisely or she can also decrease your allowance or the worst case you will never have your allowance again similarly the congress can also refuse to increase the budget recommended by the president the congress is also not allowed to appropriate public funds for a religious purpose for example public fans must not be used to pay for the expenses arising from a birthday celebration of a protestant pastor homie have close ties with the politicians now let's talk about the budget process of the philippine government there are four phases in measuring the budget process first budget preparation the executive prepares the proposed national budget second budget legislation congress reviews and amends the budget and enacted into a law third budget execution agencies utilize their approved budget last budget accountability the executive monitor and evaluate the use of budget next the power to approve treatise the constitution stipulates that no international treaty or agreement shall be valid without the agreement of two-thirds of the members of the standard moving on to the power to declare existence of war or the emergency powers the congress has the sole power to declare the existence of a state war here is the vote requirement two third of both houses in joint session voting separately must agree to the declaration now let's talk about the power to delegate emergency powers in times of war or other national emergency the congress may by law authorize the president to exercise powers necessary and proper to carry out a declared national policy however there are limitations the powers will be exercised for a limited period only subject to restrictions prescribed by the congress and there is also an expiration of the emergency powers this may be withdrawn by a resolution of the congress next the power to determine the rules of its proceeding rules of procedures are the rules made by the law making body to regulate the mother of conducting its celebrations the election of the officers and penalties to be imposed on members are proper subjects of the rules of procedures for our last power that we will discuss in this video it is the power to conduct inquiries under this category we have legislative inquiry and question r first let's talk about legislative inquiry this is a process held in the congress conducted to compulsory obtain requisite information from witnesses in the aid of legislation in other words legislative hearings enable the public to know and understand the problem which a proposed law is sick to solve now here are the limitations first the inquiries must be in aid of legislation second if the purpose of the investigation is to determine the violations of the law the investigation is no longer an aid of legislation but an aid of prosecution this violates the principle of separation of powers and is beyond the scope of congressional powers third it must be in accordance with the duly published rules of procedure of the congress and last the rights of the persons appearing shall be respected next is question r this is an inquiry conducted to obtain information from the heads of the department on matters pertaining to programs activities and management of the department the limitation the department heads are not required to appear against their will or when prohibited by the president that's the end of this video don't forget to like and subscribe to our channel and if you have friends share this video thank you and see you in the next video